N5 Grammar Reference
Complete reference for essential Japanese grammar patterns at the N5 level. Use the search and filters below to find exactly what you need.
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は (wa) - Topic Particle
Marks the topic of the sentence - what you're talking about. The rest of the sentence is a comment about this topic.
が (ga) - Subject Particle
Marks the grammatical subject, introduces new information, or answers "who/what" questions.
を (wo/o) - Direct Object Particle
Marks the direct object of a transitive verb - the thing receiving the action.
に (ni) - Target/Time/Location Particle
Multi-purpose particle indicating location, time, direction, purpose, or indirect object.
で (de) - Location of Action/Means Particle
Marks where an action takes place or the means/method by which something is done.
から (kara) - From/Because Particle
Indicates starting point in space/time or gives reasons.
まで (made) - Until/To Particle
Indicates ending point in space or time.
と (to) - And/With/Quote Particle
Connects nouns, indicates companionship, or marks quotations.
や (ya) - Non-exhaustive And
Lists examples without including everything - "things like X and Y."
も (mo) - Also/Even/Both Particle
Indicates "also," "too," or "even." Replaces は, が, or を.
の (no) - Possessive/Nominalizer
Shows possession, describes relationships between nouns, or turns verbs/adjectives into noun phrases.
へ (e) - Direction Particle
Indicates direction of movement, similar to "toward" in English.
か (ka) - Question Particle
Turns statements into questions. Also means "or" between nouns.
ね (ne) - Confirmation/Agreement Particle
Seeks confirmation, agreement, or softens statements ("isn't it?" "right?").
よ (yo) - Emphasis/Assertion Particle
Adds emphasis or indicates new information the listener should know.
About this Grammar Reference
This reference covers essential N5 level Japanese grammar patterns with clear explanations, usage examples, and common mistakes to avoid. Each pattern includes formation rules and practical examples to help you understand and use Japanese grammar effectively.